Key Moments in Egypt’s Revolution and Transition
Hundreds of people have died in Egypt since last Wednesday.
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Violence Continues as Egypt Faces New Leadership - Following two years of turmoil and transition, Egypt's army ousted the first democratically elected leader, Mohamed Morsi, for failing to resolve the country's volatile crisis. Supporters of Morsi and the Muslim Brotherhood have since clashed with the miltary-led internim government and security forces, leading to more than 800 deaths. Keep reading to learn about some key events that define this important moment. —Patrice Peck(Photo by Ed Giles/Getty Images)
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Jan. 25–Feb. 11, 2011 - Nationwide protests targeting President Hosni Mubarak’s government erupt, with peaceful demonstrations soon turning violent between pro-Mubarak and anti-Mubarak groups. The president and his supporters try to quell the uprising, killing hundreds in the process. He resigns on Feb. 11, handing over Egypt’s leadership to the military.(Photo by Chris Hondros/Getty Images)
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Nov. 28–Feb. 15, 2012 - Egyptian parliamentary elections are held for several weeks. The Muslim Brotherhood, Salafis, liberals and secular politicians win seats in the lawmaking lower house. This election marks the country’s first open national election since the 1952 upheaval of Egypt’s monarchy. (Photo: REUTERS/Stringer)
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May 23–24, 2012 - Thirteen candidates are in the running for the first round of voting for Egypt’s new president. Muslim Brotherhood contender Mohamed Morsi and Ahmed Shafiq are the final candidates standing. (Photo: REUTERS/Files)
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June 14–17, 2012 - The presidential runoff is close, but Mohamed Morsi wins the presidential election with 51.7 percent. (Photo: Daniel Berehulak/Getty Images)
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June 30, 2012 - Mohamed Morsi is sworn in as president at the Supreme Constitutional Court. (Photo: Ed Giles/Getty Images)
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Nov. 19–30, 2012 - President Mohamed Morsi unilaterally decrees greater powers for himself, giving his decisions immunity from judicial review, according to AP. This declaration results in huge protests and violence in Tahrir Square and condemnation by Amnesty International U.K. (Photo: Mark Wilson/Getty Images)
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Dec. 4, 2012 - An uprising of anti-Morsi demonstrators occurs at the presidential palace, involving more than 100,000 protesters disgruntled with constitution amendments drafted by Islamist assembly members and reaffirmed by the president. The demonstrators demand a new referendum. At least 10 are killed the following day after an Islamist attack triggers more violence. (Photo: REUTERS/Asmaa Waguih)
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Dec. 15–Dec. 22, 2012 - Egyptian voters approve the controversial, Islamist-backed constitution, although voter turnout is low. About 64 percent voted in favor of the two-round referendum. (PhotoAP Photo/ Manu Brabo)
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Jan. 25–March 2013 - Deadly riots explode across the nation on the two-year anniversary of Egypt’s revolution. Hundreds of thousands of protesters filled Tahrir Square expressing outrage against President Morsi and the Muslim Brotherhood. Dozens more die in clashes through February and March, AP reports. (Photo: REUTERS/Mohamed Abd El Ghany)
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April 7, 2013 - Christian-Muslim confrontations come to a head when a Muslim mob attack at the Coptic Orthodox Cathedral results in one death and more than 80 injuries. The clashes take place after a funeral service and large protest for four Christians killed in sectarian violence with Muslims. (Photo: REUTERS/Stringer)
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June 30, 2013 - Millions of Egyptians brave sweltering heat and flood Egypt’s streets demanding that President Morsi resign. Despite the festive atmosphere, at least eight people are killed in clashes outside the Muslim Brotherhood's headquarters in Cairo. (Photo: Ed Giles/Getty Images).
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July 1, 2013 - Egypt’s military officials present President Morsi and the opposition with a 48-hour ultimatum: to resolve the political crisis or face forcible change from the country’s powerful army. (Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images)
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July 3, 2013 - President Morsi and opponents refuse to observe the military’s ultimatum, allowing the deadline to pass for any agreement. A few hours later, the military ousts the nation’s first democratically elected leader and his Muslim Brotherhood regime, much to the delight of millions of demonstrators in Tahrir Square. (Photo: AP Photo/Amr Nabil)
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July 4, 2013 - Egypt's interim leader, Supreme Constitutional Court Chief Justice Adly Mansour, is sworn in at the Constitutional Court in a ceremony broadcast live on state television. (Photo: AP Photo/Amr Nabil, File)
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July 5, 2013 - Supporters and opponents of former leader Morsi clash as interim President Mansour disbands the predominantly Islamist upper house of parliament. Mass protests led by pro-Morsi demonstrators and violent confrontations across the nation result in at least 36 deaths. (Photo: AP Photo/Hiro Komae)
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July 6, 2013 - A spokesperson for interim President Mansour denies the appointment of Nobel Peace laureate Mohamed Elbaradei as interim prime minister. Conflicting reports from media outlets and officials leave the status of the appointment unknown. President Obama condemns Egypt's ongoing violence but does not side with any political parties, claims a White House statement. (Photo: AP Photo/Thomas Hartwell, File)
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July 7, 2013 - Egypt's pro- and anti-Morsi factions continue to hold rival protests. Forming a broad coalition for Egypt's transitional government becomes a challenge for interim President Mansour, who faces mistrust from the only Islamist faction that sided with Morsi's removal. (Photo: AP Photo/Khalil Hamra)
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July 8–9, 2013 - Egypt emergency services say death toll in violence outside military headquarters is up to 51, reports AP. President Mansour appoints Mohamed ElBaradei as vice president and economist Hazem el-Beblawi as prime minister. (Photo: Spencer Platt/Getty Images)
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July 27, 2013 - At least 80 people are killed during clashes between security forces and Morsi supporters outside of the group’s encampments in Cairo. Three days later, top E.U. diplomat Catherine Ashton meets with a detained Morsi for two-hours at an undisclosed location and reports that the former leader is in good health. (Photo: Ed Giles/Getty Images)
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Aug. 7, 2013 - Egypt’s presidency announces that attempts at brokering negotiations between the country’s military-backed temporary government and the Muslim Brotherhood have failed. To combat the two growing sit-ins in Cairo, Egyptian security forces make plans to blockade the camps on Aug. 11, but postpone taking action once the day arrives to avoid bloody fighting with thousands of new protesters.(Photo: Khalil Hamra/AP Photo)
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Aug. 14, 2013 - After riot police crackdown on pro-Morsi supporters at the two sweeping sit-ins, more than 500 people are declared dead. The interim president declares a month-long state of emergency, which includes a curfew, and Vice President Mohamed ElBaradei resigns to denounce the bloodshed.(Photo: Ahmed Gomaa/AP Photo)
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Aug. 15, 2013 - Interrupting his week-long vacation, President Obama addresses the deteriorating situation in Egypt, condemning the violent death of civilians and canceling a joint U.S.-Egypt military exercise scheduled for next month.(Photo: Pete Souza/The White House via Getty Images)
Photo By Photo: Pete Souza/The White House via Getty Images
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Aug. 16, 2013 - Tens of thousands of Muslim Brotherhood supporters fought with armed vigilantes in Cairo, culminating in the most brutal street battle to surround the capital since the country’s Arab Spring uprising, reported AP. At least 173 people, including police officers, were reported dead. (Photo: Hassan Ammar/AP Photo, File)
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Aug. 18, 2013 - The Egyptian government disclosed its killing 36 pro-Morsi supporters who were trying to escape detention on Sunday, bringing the official death toll for the past four days of unrest across the nation to nearly 900. Other reports estimated that 1,000 people have died. (Photo: Hussein Tallal/AP Photo)